[K8s] Kubernetes 활용한 웹 서비스 배포

 

본 글은 한 권으로 배우는 도커&쿠버네티스 책에 대한 정리와 실습 내용입니다.

쿠버네티스를 통해 django와 Flask를 실행해보자 !!

 

 

• 사전 진행해야 하는것
  • pyenv 설치, pyenv를 통한 가상 환경 3.11.6 구축

 

PostgreSQL 확인 📌

https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/ubuntu/

PostgreSQL: Linux downloads (Ubuntu)

sudo systemctl status postgresql.service
## active인거 확인

 

 

Django - Nginx 이미지 생성 📌

Django 프로젝트 생성

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myDjango04

pyenv activate py3_11_6
django-admin startproject myapp

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myDjango04/myapp/myapp/settings.py
# django가 로컬에 설치한 PostgreSQL을 바라볼 수 있도록 설정 변경

...
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'postgres',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': '1234',
        'HOST': '192.168.64.8', # myserver01 - master
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}
...

 

Django - requirements 및 Dockerfile 작성

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myDjango04/requirements.txt

django==4.2.7
gunicorn==20.1.0 # gurnicorn을 통해 nginx와 django와 연동
psycopg2==2.9.9

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myDjango04/Dockerfile

FROM python:3.11.6

WORKDIR /usr/src/app

COPY . .

RUN python -m pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

WORKDIR ./myapp

CMD gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 myapp.wsgi:application

EXPOSE 8000

 

Django - Docker build & DockerHub에 push

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myDjango04

ls
## Dockerfile  myapp  requirements.txt

docker build . -t <repository>/mydjango_ch10:0.2

docker push <repository>/mydjango_ch10:0.2

 

Nginx 이미지 생성

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myNginx04d/default.conf

server{
	listen 80;
	server_name localhost;

	location /{
		proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
	}
}

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myNginx04d/Dockerfile

FROM nginx:1.25.3

RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

COPY default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d

CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

 

Nginx - Docker build & DockerHub에 push

# ~/work/ch10/ex01/myNginx04d

ls
## default.conf  Dockerfile

docker build . -t <repository>/mynginxd_ch10:0.3

docker push <repository>/mynginxd_ch10:0.3

 

 

Flask - Nginx 이미지 생성 📌

Flask 프로젝트 생성

# ~/work/ch10

mkdir ex02
cp -r ex01 ex02

cd ex02 

mv ex01 myFlask02
cd myFlask02

 

Flask - requirements 및 Dockerfile 작성

# ~/work/ch10/ex02/myFlask02/requirements.txt

flask==3.0.0
gunicorn==20.1.0

# ~/work/ch10/ex02/myFlask02/Dockerfile

FROM python:3.11.6

WORKDIR /usr/src/app

COPY . .

RUN python -m pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

WORKDIR ./myapp

CMD gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8001 main:app

EXPOSE 8001

 

Flask - Docker build & DockerHub에 push

# ~/work/ch10/ex02/myFlask02

ls
## Dockerfile  myapp  requirements.txt

docker build . -t <repository>/myflask_ch10:0.2

docker push <repository>/myflask_ch10:0.2

 

Nginx 이미지 생성

# ~/work/ch10/ex02/myNginx02f/default.conf

server{
	listen 80;
	server_name localhost;

	location /{
		proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8001;
	}
}

# ~/work/ch10/ex02/myNginx02f/Dockerfile

FROM nginx:1.25.3

RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

COPY default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d

CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

 

Nginx - Docker build & DockerHub에 push

# ~/work/ch10/ex02/myNginx02f

ls
## default.conf  Dockerfile

docker build . -t <repository>/mynginxf_ch10:0.3

docker push <repository>/mynginxf_ch10:0.3

 

 

Django deployment, service 생성 📌

# ~/work/ch10/ex03/django-deploy.yml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: deploy-django
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: web-deploy
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: web-deploy
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx-d
          image: hyesushim/mynginxd_ch10:0.3
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80

        - name: django-web
          image: hyesushim/mydjango_ch10:0.2
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000

# ~/work/ch10/ex03/django-service.yml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: django-service
spec:
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: web-deploy
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80

 

 

Flask deployment, service 생성 📌

# ~/work/ch10/ex03/flask-deploy.yml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: deploy-flask
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: flask-web-deploy
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: flask-web-deploy
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx-f
          image: hyesushim/mynginxf_ch10:0.3
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80

        - name: flask-web
          image: hyesushim/myflask_ch10:0.2
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8001

# ~/work/ch10/ex03/flask-service.yml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: flask-service
spec:
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: flask-web-deploy
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80

 

 

Ingress 파일 생성 및 배포 📌

/test01 ⇒ django 서비스 → django deployment

/test02 ⇒ flask 서비스 → flask deployment

 

# ~/work/ch10/ex03/django-flask-ingress.yml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: django-flask-ingress
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /$2
spec:
  ingressClassName: nginx
  rules:
    - http:
        paths:
          - path: /test01(/|$)(.*)
            pathType: Prefix
            backend:
              service:
                name: django-service
                port:
                  number: 80

          - path: /test02(/|$)(.*)
            pathType: Prefix
            backend:
              service:
                name: flask-service
                port:
                  number: 80

 

배포

k apply -f django-deployment.yml
k apply -f django-service.yml

k apply -f flask-deployment.yml
k apply -f flask-service.yml

k get all

k apply -f django-flask-ingress.yml

k get ingress
## NAME                   CLASS   HOSTS   ADDRESS        PORTS   AGE
## django-flask-ingress   nginx   *       192.168.64.9   80      5h41m

k port-forward -n mynginx service/nginx-ingress-controller-1730253917 2000:80 --address 0.0.0.0

# 호스트 머신

curl http://192.168.64.100/test01 # ingress-controller의 외부IP에 직접 접근
curl http://192.168.64.100/test02

curl http://192.168.64.8:2000/test01 # 포트포워딩
curl http://192.168.64.8:2000/test02